Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
A developmental condition characterized by differences in social communication, repetitive behaviors, and sensory sensitivities. Individuals on the autism spectrum often have unique strengths such as focused interests, strong pattern recognition, and attention to detail.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
A condition involving differences in attention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Children with ADHD may exhibit high energy, creativity, and problem-solving skills alongside challenges like difficulty with sustained attention, organization, or impulse control.

Dyslexia
A learning difference primarily affecting reading and language processing. Dyslexic individuals often excel in creative thinking, spatial reasoning, and problem-solving but may struggle with spelling, phonics, and reading fluency.

Dyscalculia
A learning difference that impacts the ability to understand numbers and learn math facts. Children with dyscalculia may excel in fields not heavily reliant on arithmetic and can develop strong compensatory strategies with proper support.

Dysgraphia
A condition affecting writing ability, motor skills, and visual-spatial skills. Children with dysgraphia may find writing or handwriting particularly challenging, but can thrive with the help of assistive technology and specialized instruction.

Dyspraxia (Developmental Coordination Disorder)
A motor coordination difference that can lead to clumsiness and difficulty with planning or carrying out fine motor tasks. Dyspraxic individuals often display strong perseverance, creativity, and problem-solving abilities.

Tourette Syndrome
A neurological condition characterized by involuntary movements and vocalizations called tics. Many individuals with Tourette’s also exhibit resilience, creativity, and a unique sense of humor, despite potential social or emotional challenges.

References
1. CDC’s Developmental Milestones
2. National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)